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| c o p y r i g h t ? a n p e c e l e c t r o n i c s c o r p . r e v . a . 4 - o c t . , 2 0 0 9 a p w 7 0 0 1 w w w . a n p e c . c o m . t w 1 a n p e c r e s e r v e s t h e r i g h t t o m a k e c h a n g e s t o i m p r o v e r e l i a b i l i t y o r m a n u f a c t u r a b i l i t y w i t h o u t n o t i c e , a n d a d v i s e c u s t o m e r s t o o b t a i n t h e l a t e s t v e r s i o n o f r e l e v a n t i n f o r m a t i o n t o v e r i f y b e f o r e p l a c i n g o r d e r s . 1 x / 1 . 5 x / 2 x c h a r g e p u m p w h i t e l e d d r i v e r f o r m a i n a n d s u b - d i s p l a y s f e a t u r e s 1.5% led current matching powers main and sub-display leds high efficiency up to 90% over li-ion battery discharge output current up to 30ma per led 2.7v to 5.5v operating voltage 1x/1.5x/2x charge pump modes low shutdown current: 2 m a maximum low input ripple and emi internal soft-start limits inrush current short circuit current limit thermal shutdown protection output over-voltage protection 16-pin qfn package lead free and green devices available (rohs compliant) a p p l i c a t i o n s g e n e r a l d e s c r i p t i o n the APW7001 is a high efficiency charge pump white led driver; the device drives up to four white leds in the main display and up to two white leds in the sub-display with regulated constant current for uniform intensity. the supply voltage ranges from 2.7v to 5.5v and it is opti- mized for a li-ion battery application. the APW7001 op- erates in 1x, 1.5x, and 2x charge pump modes and auto- matically switches the charge pump modes depend on the input voltage to maintain the required power for high power efficiency. the APW7001 provides up to 30ma per led and allows several methods such as the pwm sig- nals on the enm pin for main-display dimming and on the ens pin for sub-display dimming. the two control logic pins, enm and ens, allow disabling or enabling the main and sub-displays. the supply current is only 2ma in 2x mode, and the enm and ens are kept low for 20ms will allow the device to enter shutdown mode with 2 m a quiescent current. the APW7001 features current limit and short circuit protection. the APW7001 switches at 1mhz frequency and only requires four 1 m f ceramic ca- pacitors and one resistor, and ensures low input current ripple and emi. the APW7001 is available in a 16-pin qfn package. cellular phone white led back light portable device pda, handheld computer dsc p i n c o n f i g u r a t i o n APW7001 qfn4x4-16 top view 1 3 2 4 6 5 7 8 i l e d 3 i l e d 4 enm iled 6 iled 5 i s e t ens v o u t i l e d 2 i l e d 1 c1+ c1- gnd c 2 + c2- v i n 12 10 11 9 15 16 14 13 metal gnd pad (bottem)
c o p y r i g h t ? a n p e c e l e c t r o n i c s c o r p . r e v . a . 4 - o c t . , 2 0 0 9 a p w 7 0 0 1 w w w . a n p e c . c o m . t w 2 o r d e r i n g a n d m a r k i n g i n f o r m a t i o n n o t e : a n p e c l e a d - f r e e p r o d u c t s c o n t a i n m o l d i n g c o m p o u n d s / d i e a t t a c h m a t e r i a l s a n d 1 0 0 % m a t t e t i n p l a t e t e r m i n a t i o n f i n i s h ; w h i c h a r e f u l l y c o m p l i a n t w i t h r o h s . a n p e c l e a d - f r e e p r o d u c t s m e e t o r e x c e e d t h e l e a d - f r e e r e q u i r e m e n t s o f i p c / j e d e c j - s t d - 0 2 0 d f o r m s l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n a t l e a d - f r e e p e a k r e f l o w t e m p e r a t u r e . a n p e c d e f i n e s ? g r e e n ? t o m e a n l e a d - f r e e ( r o h s c o m p l i a n t ) a n d h a l o g e n f r e e ( b r o r c l d o e s n o t e x c e e d 9 0 0 p p m b y w e i g h t i n h o m o g e n e o u s m a t e r i a l a n d t o t a l o f b r a n d c l d o e s n o t e x c e e d 1 5 0 0 p p m b y w e i g h t ) . APW7001 handling code temperature range package code package code qa : qfn4x4-16 operating ambient temperature range i : -40 to 85 o c handling code tr : tape & reel assembly material g : halogen and lead free device assembly material APW7001 qa : APW7001 xxxxx xxxxx - date code symbol parameter rating unit v out vout to gnd - 0.3 to +6 v v in vin to gnd - 0.3 to +6 v v c1+ , v c1 - , v c2+ , v c2 - c1+, c1 - , c2+, c2 - to gnd - 0.3 to +6 v v iled1 - 6 iled1 - 6 to gnd - 0.3 to +6 v v enm , v ens enm, ens to gnd - 0.3 to +6 v v iset iset to gnd - 0.3 t o 2 v t j maximum junction temperature +150 c t stg storage temperature - 65 ~ 150 c t sdr maximum lead soldering temperature , 10 seconds 260 c a b s o l u t e m a x i m u m r a t i n g s ( n o t e 1 ) t h e r m a l c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s ( n o t e 2 ) symbol parameter typical value unit q ja thermal resistance - junction to ambient qfn4x4 - 16 40 c /w note 2 : q ja is measured with the component mounted on a high effective thermal conductivity test board in free air. note 1: absolute maximum ratings are those values beyond which the life of a device may be impaired. exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. r e c o m m e n d e d o p e r a t i n g c o n d i t i o n s symbol parameter rating unit v in input voltage 2.8 to 4.5 v v out output voltage 3 to 4 v i led led current 5 to 30 ma c o p y r i g h t ? a n p e c e l e c t r o n i c s c o r p . r e v . a . 4 - o c t . , 2 0 0 9 a p w 7 0 0 1 w w w . a n p e c . c o m . t w 3 r e c o m m e n d e d o p e r a t i n g c o n d i t i o n s ( c o n t . ) symbol parameter rating unit output current, v in >3.5v, v f =3.1v, 1x mode 180 output current, 3.5v c o p y r i g h t ? a n p e c e l e c t r o n i c s c o r p . r e v . a . 4 - o c t . , 2 0 0 9 a p w 7 0 0 1 w w w . a n p e c . c o m . t w 5 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 leds at 15ma 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 leds at 20ma l e d c u r r e n t v s . i n p u t v o l t a g e i n p u t v o l t a g e ( v ) led current (ma) l e d c u r r e n t v s . i n p u t v o l t a g e i n p u t v o l t a g e ( v ) led current (ma) t y p i c a l o p e r a t i n g c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s ( c o n t . ) 17 18 19 20 21 22 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 6 leds at 20ma v in =3.3v, 1.5x mode 17 18 19 20 21 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 6 leds at 20ma v in =4v, 1x mode l e d c u r r e n t v s . t e m p e r a t u r e led current (ma) t e m p e r a t u r e ( c ) l e d c u r r e n t v s . t e m p e r a t u r e led current (ma) t e m p e r a t u r e ( c ) 17 18 19 20 21 22 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 6 leds at 20ma v in =3v, 2x mode l e d c u r r e n t v s . t e m p e r a t u r e t e m p e r a t u r e ( c ) led current (ma) quiescent current (ma) 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 6 leds at 15ma v f =3.3v q u i e s c e n t c u r r e n t v s . i n p u t v o l t a g e i n p u t v o l t a g e ( v ) c o p y r i g h t ? a n p e c e l e c t r o n i c s c o r p . r e v . a . 4 - o c t . , 2 0 0 9 a p w 7 0 0 1 w w w . a n p e c . c o m . t w 6 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 in 2x mode v in =4v 200 300 400 500 600 700 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 in 1x mode v in =4v 800 850 900 950 1000 1050 1100 1150 1200 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 in 2x mode 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 high threshold low threshold q u i e s c e n t c u r r e n t v s . t e m p e r a t u r e quiescent current (ma) t e m p e r a t u r e ( c ) l o g i c t h r e s h o l d v o l t a g e v s . i n p u t v o l t a g e logic threshold voltage (v) i n p u t v o l t a g e ( v ) s w i t c h i n g f r e q u e n c y v s . i n p u t v o l t a g e i n p u t v o l t a g e ( v ) switching frequency (khz) s w i t c h i n g f r e q u e n c y v s . t e m p e r a t u r e t e m p e r a t u r e ( c ) switching frequency (khz) t y p i c a l o p e r a t i n g c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s ( c o n t . ) c o p y r i g h t ? a n p e c e l e c t r o n i c s c o r p . r e v . a . 4 - o c t . , 2 0 0 9 a p w 7 0 0 1 w w w . a n p e c . c o m . t w 7 s t a r t u p i n 1 x m o d e t i m e ( 0 . 1 m s / d i v ) s t a r t u p i n 1 . 5 x m o d e t i m e ( 0 . 1 m s / d i v ) s t a r t u p i n 2 x m o d e t i m e ( 0 . 1 m s / d i v ) d i m m i n g i n 1 x m o d e t i m e ( 2 m s / d i v ) i in (100ma/div) v out (2v/div) ens=enm (5v/div) i led (20ma/div) 6 leds at 20ma v f =3.1v, v in =4v i in (200ma/div) v out (2v/div) i led (20ma/div) 6 leds at 20ma v f =3.1v, v in =3.3v ens=enm (5v/div) i in (200ma/div) v out (2v/div) i led (20ma/div) 6 leds at 20ma v f =3.1v, v in =2.7v ens=enm (5v/div) v out (1v/div) enm (2v/div) i led (20ma/div) 6 leds at 20ma, v f =3.1v, v in =4v f=200hz, ens=high t y p i c a l o p e r a t i n g c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s ( c o n t . ) c o p y r i g h t ? a n p e c e l e c t r o n i c s c o r p . r e v . a . 4 - o c t . , 2 0 0 9 a p w 7 0 0 1 w w w . a n p e c . c o m . t w 8 d i m m i n g i n 1 . 5 x m o d e t i m e ( 2 m s / d i v ) d i m m i n g i n 2 x m o d e t i m e ( 2 m s / d i v ) o v p e v e n w i t h l e d o p e n c i r c u i t t i m e ( 0 . 2 m s / d i v ) l i n e t r a n s i e n t r e s p o n s e i n 1 x t o 1 . 5 x m o d e t i m e ( 0 . 1 m s / d i v ) v out (1v/div) enm (1v/div) i led (20ma/div) 6 leds at 20ma, v f =3.1v, v in =3.3v, f=200hz, ens=high v out (1v/div) v in (1v/div) i led (10ma/div) 6 leds at 20ma v f =3.1v, v in =4v led1 is open v out (1v/div) v in (1v/div) i led (20ma/div) 6 leds at 20ma, v f =3.1v v in =3.2v to 3.8v v out (1v/div) enm (1v/div) i led (20ma/div) 6 leds at 20ma, v f =3.1v, v in =2.7v, f=200hz, ens=high t y p i c a l o p e r a t i n g c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s ( c o n t . ) c o p y r i g h t ? a n p e c e l e c t r o n i c s c o r p . r e v . a . 4 - o c t . , 2 0 0 9 a p w 7 0 0 1 w w w . a n p e c . c o m . t w 9 l i n e t r a n s i e n t r e s p o n s e i n 1 . 5 x t o 2 x m o d e t i m e ( 0 . 1 m s / d i v ) v out (1v/div) v in (1v/div) i led (20ma/div) 6 leds at 20ma, v f =3.1v v in =2.8v to 3.4v t y p i c a l o p e r a t i n g c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s ( c o n t . ) p i n d e s c r i p t i o n pin no. name function 1 iled5 2 iled6 sub - display leds cathode connection. the led current flows from vout through led into iled_ pin. the charge pump regulates the lowest v iled to 180mv. connect iled_ pin to vout if the led is not used. 3 enm on/off and dimming control for led1 - 4 (main - display). 4 ens on/off and dimming control for led5 - 6 (sub - display). 5 iset led current set input. connect a resistor from iset to gnd to set the led current. viset is typically 1.2v. 6 vout output voltage pin. con nect vout to the led anodes. connect a 1 m f capacitor from vout to gnd. 7 vin supply voltage input pin. connect a 1 m f capacitor from vin to gnd. 8 c 2 + bucket capacitor1 positive terminal. connect a 1 m f capacitor from c2+ to c2 - . 9 c 2 - bucket capacitor1 n egative terminal. connect a 1 m f capacitor from c2+ to c2 - . 10 c 1+ bucket capacitor1 positive terminal. connect a 1 m f capacitor from c1+ to c1 - . 11 c 1 - bucket capacitor1 negative terminal. connect a 1 m f capacitor from c1+ to c1 - . 12 gnd device ground pin . 13 iled1 14 iled2 15 iled3 16 iled4 main - display leds cathode connection. the led current flows from vout through led into iled_ pin. the charge pump regulates the lowest v iled to 180mv. connect iled_ pin to vout if the led is not used. c o p y r i g h t ? a n p e c e l e c t r o n i c s c o r p . r e v . a . 4 - o c t . , 2 0 0 9 a p w 7 0 0 1 w w w . a n p e c . c o m . t w 1 0 b l o c k d i a g r a m error amp + - + - + - + - + - + - + - sub control main control 1.2v controlled current mirror iset ens enm vin gnd vout iled1 iled2 iled3 iled4 iled5 iled6 por & soft-start 1x/1.5x/2x mode charge pump and gate control logic mode select and min iled select c1+ c1- c2+ c2- current limit + - + - 0.1v 1mhz oscillator + - 0.18v + - 1.2v t y p i c a l a p p l i c a t i o n c i r c u i t APW7001 c i n 1 m f c 2 1 m f c2+ vin vout iset iled1 iled2 iled3 iled4 c2- c1+ c1- gnd ens enm iled6 iled5 c 1 1 m f battery digital inputs r set 4 3 2 1 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 16 15 14 13 c out 1 m f c o p y r i g h t ? a n p e c e l e c t r o n i c s c o r p . r e v . a . 4 - o c t . , 2 0 0 9 a p w 7 0 0 1 w w w . a n p e c . c o m . t w 1 1 f u n c t i o n d e s c r i p t i o n enm ens led status 0 (for more than 20ms) 0 (for more than 20ms) ic enters shutdown 1 0 led1, 2, 3, 4 are turned on / led5, 6 are turned off 0 1 led1, 2, 3, 4 are turned off / led5, 6 are turned on 1 1 led1, 2, 3, 4 are turned on / led5, 6 are turned o n soft-start t h e a p w 7 0 0 1 p r o v i d e s t h e s o f t - s t a r t f u n c t i o n t o l i m i t t h e i n r u s h c u r r e n t d u r i n g s t a r t u p . w h e n t h e i n p u t v o l t a g e i s s u p p l i e d t o t h e d e v i c e a n d e x c e e d s t h e u v l o v o l t a g e , t h e o u t p u t c a p a c i t o r i s c h a r g e d d i r e c t l y f r o m i n p u t w i t h a l i m - i t e d c u r r e n t s o u r c e . a p p r o x i m a t e 1 0 0 m s a f t e r t h e o u t p u t v o l t a g e a p p r o a c h e s t h e i n p u t v o l t a g e , t h e d e v i c e s t a r t s t o p r o v i d e t h e p r o g r a m m e d l e d c u r r e n t a n d d e t e r m i n e s w h i c h o f 1 x , a n d 1 . 5 x , o r 2 x m o d e i s r e q u i r e d . w h e n t h e p r o g r a m m e d l e d c u r r e n t c a n b e r e a c h e d w i t h 1 x m o d e , t h e s o f t - s t a r t i s c o m p l e t e d a n d t h e d e v i c e o p e r a t e s i n 1 x m o d e . w h e n t h e p r o g r a m m e d l e d c u r r e n t c a n n o t b e r e a c h e d , t h e c h a r g e p u m p g o e s i n t o 1 . 5 x m o d e . i f t h e 1 . 5 x m o d e c h a r g e p u m p c a n n o t s u f f i c e f o r t h e l e d c u r - r e n t n e e d , t h e c h a r g e p u m p w i l l s w i t c h t o 2 x m o d e . mode transition the APW7001 operates in 1x, 1.5x, and 2x charge pump modes and automatically switches the charge pump modes depend on the input voltage to maintain the re- quired power for high power efficiency. if the APW7001 operates in 1x mode, the vout is pulled up to v in . when v in decreases, the v iled will decease to maintain the regu- lated led current. until v iled is below 100mv, the device will switch to 1.5x mode. in 1.5x mode, the viled is regu- lated to 0.18v, and the output voltage is vf+0.18v. if v in continues to decrease until v iled is below 100mv again, the device will switch to 2x mode. when the v in rises and reaches by approximately vout-300mv, the APW7001 switches back to 1.5x mode. if the v in continues to rise and reaches by approximately vout+300mv, the APW7001 switches back to 1x mode. the 2x charge pump is enough to suffice the white led for a li-ion battery application. the APW7001 ensures that in the 1x mode for as long as possible to increase the efficiency and extend the operating range by using the 2x mode. the transition voltages from 1x to 1.5x, and 1.5x to 2x are given by: v t r a n s 1 x = v f + 0 . 1 v + ( i o u t x r o u t 1 x ) v t r a n s 1 . 5 x = [ v f + 0 . 1 v + ( i o u t x r o u t 1 . 5 x ) ] / 1 . 5 w h e r e v f i s t h e f o r w a r d v o l t a g e o f l e d i o u t i s t h e o u t p u t c u r r e n t r o u t 1 x i s t h e o u t p u t i m p e d a n c e i n 1 x m o d e = 1 . 6 w r o u t 1 . 5 x i s t h e o u t p u t i m p e d a n c e i n 1 . 5 x m o d e = 7 w e n m / e n s c o n t r o l l o g i c p i n s t h e a p w 7 0 0 1 p r o v i d e s t w o l o g i c i n p u t p i n s t o e n a b l e o r d i s a b l e t h e m a i n - d i s p l a y a n d s u b - d i s p l a y . w h e n t h e e n m o r e n s i s h i g h , t h e v o u t i s s u p p l i e d a n d t h e r e s p e c t i v e l e d s a r e e n a b l e d . w h e n e n m o r e n s i s l o w , t h e r e s p e c - t i v e l e d s a r e d i s a b l e d . i f b o t h l o g i c p i n s a r e k e p t l o w f o r m o r e t h a n 2 0 m s , t h e a p w 7 0 0 1 e n t e r s s h u t d o w n m o d e . i n s h u t d o w n m o d e , a l l i n t e r n a l c o n t r o l c i r c u i t s a r e t u r n e d o f f a n d t h e q u i e s c e n t c u r r e n t i s b e l o w 2 m a . w h e n t h e d e v i c e e x i t s s h u t d o w n m o d e , t h e o u t p u t h a s t h e s o f t - s t a r t f u n c t i o n a s t h e i n p u t v o l t a g e s t a r t u p . t a b l e 1 . t h e t r u t h t a b l e o f e n m a n d e n s l e d c u r r e n t s e t t i n g c o n n e c t a r e s i s t o r f r o m i s e t p i n t o g n d t o s e t t h e l e d c u r r e n t . t h e i s e t v o l t a g e i s 1 . 2 v , a n d t h e l e d c u r r e n t i s t y p i c a l l y 4 0 0 t i m e s t h e c u r r e n t t h r o u g h t h e i s e t r e s i s t o r . t h e l e d c u r r e n t i s g i v e n b y : led set i v 2 . 1 400 r = t h e a p w 7 0 0 1 p r o v i d e s u p t o 3 0 m a o f l e d c u r r e n t p e r l e d a n d t h e d e v i c e h a s a m a x c u r r e n t m a t c h i n g o f 5 % b e t w e e n a n y t w o l e d c u r r e n t s a n d a m a x c u r r e n t a c c u - r a c y o f 8 % . i f h i g h a c c u r a c y i s r e q u i r e d , u s i n g a 1 % p r e - c i s i o n s u r f a c e m o u n t r e s i s t o r f o r t h e n e e d . iled (ma) rset (k w ) 5 92 10 47 15 32 20 24 30 16.5 t a b l e 2 . r s e t v a l u e s e l e c t i o n c o p y r i g h t ? a n p e c e l e c t r o n i c s c o r p . r e v . a . 4 - o c t . , 2 0 0 9 a p w 7 0 0 1 w w w . a n p e c . c o m . t w 1 2 f i g u r e 1 . r s e t v a l u e v s . l e d c u r r e n t 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 iled (ma) rset (ohm) l e d c u r r e n t s e t t i n g ( c o n t . ) f u n c t i o n d e s c r i p t i o n ( c o n t . ) o v e r - v o l t a g e p r o t e c t i o n i f a n y o f l e d s i s f a i l e d o r u n u s e d , l e d c h a n n e l i s n o t c o n n e c t e d t o v o u t , t h e c h a r g e p u m p m o d e w i l l g o i n t o 2 x m o d e a n d t h e o u t p u t v o l t a g e w i l l b e p u m p e d t o 2 t i m e s t h e i n p u t v o l t a g e . i f t h e o u t p u t v o l t a g e i s o v e r 5 . 5 v , t h e o v e r - v o l t a g e p r o t e c t i o n c i r c u i t w i l l l i m i t t h e o u t p u t v o l t - a g e t o a p p r o x i m a t e l y 5 . 5 v . c o p y r i g h t ? a n p e c e l e c t r o n i c s c o r p . r e v . a . 4 - o c t . , 2 0 0 9 a p w 7 0 0 1 w w w . a n p e c . c o m . t w 1 3 a p p l i c a t i o n i n f o r m a t i o n figure 2. pwm dimming application circuit ens enm 4 3 APW7001 on off pwm on off pwm f i g u r e 3 . p w m d i m m i n g f r e q u e n c y v s . l e d c u r r e n t figure 4. enm/ens timing 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 led current (ma) f=100hz led=20ma in 2x mode f=10khz dimming duty (%) f=40khz f=50khz c a p a c i t o r s e l e c t i o n f o r l o w e r i n p u t a n d o u t p u t v o l t a g e r i p p l e s , b o t h i n p u t a n d o u t p u t c a p a c i t o r s s h o u l d b e l a r g e r v a l u e s a n d l o w e r e s r c a p a c i t o r s . h o w e v e r , t h e l a r g e r o u t p u t c a p a c i t o r v a l u e s w i l l i n c r e a s e t h e s o f t - s t a r t t i m e . t h e l o w e r c h a r g e p u m p f l y i n g c a p a c i t o r s v a l u e s a n d e s r i m p r o v e t h e e f f i c i e n c y , b u t l o w e r c a p a c i t o r v a l u e s m a y l i m i t t h e l e d ? s c u r r e n t s a t l o w i n p u t v o l t a g e . i t i s r e c o m m e n d e d t h a t t h e l o w e s r a n d l o w v a r i a t i o n o v e r t e m p e r a t u r e , s u c h a s t h e c e r a m i c c a p a c i t o r s w i t h x 7 r o r x 5 r a n d t h e v a l u e i s 1 m f f o r t h e i n p u t c a p a c i t o r , o u t p u t c a p a c i t o r , a n d t h e c h a r g e p u m p f l y i n g c a p a c i t o r s . brightness control 1. pwm dimming using enm, or/and ems the first method for dimming the leds is to apply a pwm signal into the enm or/and ens pins. figure 2 shows the application circuit. the average led current is propor- tional to the pwm signal duty cycle. note that the frequency of pwm signal will affect the minimum dimming duty. figure 3 shows the led current vs. dimming frequency and dimming duty, the recommend dimming frequency is below 10khz. the pwm signal can either be applied to enm or ens, or both inputs can be tied together and the pwm signal can be applied to both pins. table 3 shows the truth table of enm and ens dimming control. the average led current is calculated by the following equation: where: i led(max) is programmed led current by i set pin toff is the off time of the pwm signal ton is the on time of the pwm signal v out enm iled bright ness ens iled bright ness 100% 100% 25% 50% shutdown 75% 20ms (main) (main) (sub) (sub) enm ens led status 0 pwm led1, 2, 3, 4 are turned off led5, 6 are pwm dimming pwm 0 led1, 2, 3, 4 are pwm dimming led5, 6 are turned off 1 pwm led1, 2, 3, 4 are turned on led5, 6 are pwm dimming pwm 1 led1, 2, 3, 4 are pwm dimming led5, 6 are turned on pwm pwm led1, 2, 3, 4 are pwm dimming led5, 6 are pwm dimming table 3. the truth table of enm and ens dimming control toff ton i ton i (max) led ) avg ( led + = c o p y r i g h t ? a n p e c e l e c t r o n i c s c o r p . r e v . a . 4 - o c t . , 2 0 0 9 a p w 7 0 0 1 w w w . a n p e c . c o m . t w 1 4 figure 6. digital dimming application circuit a p p l i c a t i o n i n f o r m a t i o n ( c o n t . ) 2. analog dimming with analog voltage t h e s e c o n d m e t h o d f o r d i m m i n g t h e l e d s i s t o a p p l y a v o l t a g e t h r o u g h a r e s i s t o r i n t o t h e i s e t p i n . t h e v a r i a t i o n o f l e d c u r r e n t i s p r o p o r t i o n a l t o t h e v a r i a t i o n o f t h e a n a - l o g v o l t a g e . i f t h e r e s i s t o r v a l u e s a r e c h o s e n c o r r e c t l y , t h e a n a l o g c o n t r o l v o l t a g e v a r i e s t h e o u t p u t c u r r e n t f r o m 0 m a t o f u l l l e d c u r r e n t . f i g u r e 5 s h o w s t h e a p p l i c a t i o n c i r c u i t , a n d the led current is calculated by the following equation: brightness control (cont.) figure 5. analog voltage dimming application circuit iset r1 5 APW7001 v adj r2 3. digital dimming with external nmos transistors the third method for dimming the leds is to change the equivalent resistance for rset with the external nmos transistors. the equivalent resistance is the parallel com- binations of the r1, r2, r3, and r4. r4 is always con- nected and selected for the minimum led current. fig- ure 6 shows the application circuit. layout consideration the APW7001 is a high frequency charge pump for white led driver and requires some care when laying out the printed circuit board. the metal gnd pad of the bottom of the package must be soldered to the pcb and connected to the gnd plane on the backside through several ther- mal vias. place the cin, cout, c1, and c2 as close to ic as possible for reducing the switching noise. 4. pwm dimming with en pin another method for dimming the leds is to apply a pwm signal into the en pin. the average led current is pro- portional to the pwm signal duty cycle. note that the fre- quency of pwm signal will affect the minimum dimming duty. the recommend dimming frequency is between 100hz and 1khz. the average led current is calculated by the following equation: w h e r e : i l e d ( m a x ) i s p r o g r a m m e d l e d c u r r e n t b y i s e t p i n t o f f i s t h e o f f t i m e o f t h e p w m s i g n a l t o n i s t h e o n t i m e o f t h e p w m s i g n a l toff ton i ton i (max) led ) avg ( led + = ? ? ? ? ? + - = 1 r v 2 . 1 2 r v v 2 . 1 400 i adj led iset 5 APW7001 r1 r2 r4 r3 c o p y r i g h t ? a n p e c e l e c t r o n i c s c o r p . r e v . a . 4 - o c t . , 2 0 0 9 a p w 7 0 0 1 w w w . a n p e c . c o m . t w 1 5 p a c k a g e i n f o r m a t i o n qfn4x4-16 s y m b o l min. max. 1.00 0.00 0.25 0.35 2.50 2.80 0.05 2.50 a a1 b d d2 e e2 e l millimeters a3 0.20 ref qfn4x4-16 0.30 0.50 2.80 0.008 ref min. max. inches 0.039 0.000 0.010 0.014 0.098 0.110 0.098 0.012 0.020 0.80 0.110 0.031 0.002 0.65 bsc 0.026 bsc 3.90 4.10 0.154 0.161 3.90 4.10 0.154 0.161 0.20 0.008 k e l k pin 1 corner e 2 d2 a1 a3 b a pin 1 d e c o p y r i g h t ? a n p e c e l e c t r o n i c s c o r p . r e v . a . 4 - o c t . , 2 0 0 9 a p w 7 0 0 1 w w w . a n p e c . c o m . t w 1 6 c a r r i e r t a p e & r e e l d i m e n s i o n s h t1 a d a e 1 a b w f t p0 od0 b a0 p2 k0 b 0 section b-b section a-a od1 p1 application a h t1 c d d w e1 f 330.0 ? 2.00 50 min. 12.4+2.00 - 0.00 13.0+0.50 - 0.20 1.5 min. 20.2 min. 12.0 ? 0.30 1.75 ? 0.10 5.5 ? 0.05 p 0 p1 p 2 d 0 d1 t a 0 b 0 k 0 qfn4x4 - 16 4.0 ? 0.10 8.0 ? 0.10 2.0 ? 0.05 1.5+0.10 - 0.00 1.5 min. 0.6+0.00 - 0.40 4.30 ? 0.20 4.30 ? 0.20 1.30 ? 0.20 (mm) package type unit quantity qfn4x4 - 16 tape & reel 3000 d e v i c e s p e r u n i t c o p y r i g h t ? a n p e c e l e c t r o n i c s c o r p . r e v . a . 4 - o c t . , 2 0 0 9 a p w 7 0 0 1 w w w . a n p e c . c o m . t w 1 7 t a p i n g d i r e c t i o n i n f o r m a t i o n qfn4x4-16 c l a s s i f i c a t i o n p r o f i l e user direction of feed c o p y r i g h t ? a n p e c e l e c t r o n i c s c o r p . r e v . a . 4 - o c t . , 2 0 0 9 a p w 7 0 0 1 w w w . a n p e c . c o m . t w 1 8 c l a s s i f i c a t i o n r e f l o w p r o f i l e s profile feature sn - pb eutectic assembly pb - free assembly preheat & soak temperature min (t smin ) temperature max (t smax ) time (t smin to t smax ) ( t s ) 100 c 150 c 60 - 120 seconds 150 c 200 c 60 - 1 2 0 seconds average ramp - up rate (t smax to t p ) 3 c/second ma x. 3 c/second max. liquidous temperature ( t l ) time at l iquidous (t l ) 183 c 60 - 150 seconds 217 c 60 - 150 seconds peak package body temperature (t p ) * see classification temp in table 1 see classification temp in table 2 time (t p ) ** within 5 c of the spec ified c lassification t emperature ( t c ) 2 0 ** seconds 3 0 ** seconds average r amp - down rate (t p to t smax ) 6 c/second max. 6 c/second max. time 25 c to p eak t emperature 6 minutes max. 8 minutes max. * tolerance for peak profile temperature (t p ) is defined a s a supplier minimum and a user maximum. ** tolerance for time at peak profile temperature (t p ) is defined as a supplier minimum and a user maximum. table 2. pb - free process ? classification temperatures (tc) package thickness volume mm 3 <350 volume mm 3 350 - 2000 volume mm 3 >2000 <1.6 mm 260 c 260 c 260 c 1.6 mm ? 2.5 mm 260 c 250 c 245 c 3 2.5 mm 250 c 245 c 245 c table 1. snpb eutectic process ? classification temperatures (tc) package thickness volume mm 3 <350 volume mm 3 3 350 <2.5 mm 235 c 22 0 c 3 2.5 mm 220 c 220 c test item method description solderability jesd - 22, b102 5 sec, 245 c holt jesd - 22, a108 1000 hrs, bias @ 125 c pct jesd - 22, a102 168 hrs, 100 % rh, 2atm , 121 c tct jesd - 22, a104 500 cycles, - 65 c~150 c hbm mil - std - 883 - 3015.7 vhbm ? 2kv mm jesd - 22, a115 vmm ? 200v latch - up jesd 78 10ms, 1 tr ? 100ma r e l i a b i l i t y t e s t p r o g r a m c o p y r i g h t ? a n p e c e l e c t r o n i c s c o r p . r e v . a . 4 - o c t . , 2 0 0 9 a p w 7 0 0 1 w w w . a n p e c . c o m . t w 1 9 c u s t o m e r s e r v i c e a n p e c e l e c t r o n i c s c o r p . head office : no.6, dusing 1st road, sbip, hsin-chu, taiwan, r.o.c. tel : 886-3-5642000 fax : 886-3-5642050 t a i p e i b r a n c h : 2 f , n o . 1 1 , l a n e 2 1 8 , s e c 2 j h o n g s i n g r d . , s i n d i a n c i t y , t a i p e i c o u n t y 2 3 1 4 6 , t a i w a n t e l : 8 8 6 - 2 - 2 9 1 0 - 3 8 3 8 f a x : 8 8 6 - 2 - 2 9 1 7 - 3 8 3 8 |
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